Ukudakumba kube yenye yezona zinto imingeni ephambili yempilo yengqondo yenkulungwane yama-21Kuqikelelwa ukuba ichaphazela malunga nomntu omnye kwabane ebomini babo, kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abancinci nabasetyhini. Nangona kukho amayeza amaninzi kunye nokungenelela kwengqondo, inani elikhulu lezigulana alikwazi ukuchacha. phuma kudandatheko nokuba ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye.
Kwangaxeshanye, uphando luyaqhubeka nokuvelisa idatha esinyanzela ukuba sicinge ngokutsha ngendlela efunyaniswa ngayo, indlela enyangwa ngayo, kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, Indlela yokuxhasa abo baphila noxinzeleloUkususela ekungamelwani kwezilingo zeklinikhi ukuya kumandla okuzilolonga njengesixhobo sokuqala, kuquka indima yokusingqongileyo kunye nobungqina babantu abadumileyo, ingxoxo eSpain naseYurophu iyasebenza ngakumbi kunangaphambili.
Xa izigulane zokwenyani zingangeni kwizilingo zeklinikhi
Uphando lwakutshanje apho abaphandi abavela Ikliniki yeSibhedlele-IDIBAPS IBarcelona iphakamise umba ongathandekiyo: Inani elikhulu labantu abanesifo sokudakumba okukhulu abanyangwa ebomini bokwenyani abayi kuhlangabezana neemfuno zokufakwa kwiimvavanyo zeklinikhi zakudala. malunga namayeza okudakumba.
Olu phononongo luhlalutye iirekhodi zempilo ze- ngaphezulu kwezigulane ezingama-200.000 ezivela eFinland naseSweden ngokufunyaniswa kwesifo sokudakumba okukhulu kunyango lokugcina unyango ngamayeza okudakumba. Ukusebenzisa imigaqo esetyenziswa rhoqo kwizilingo zamayeza—ezihlala zingabandakanyi abantu abanezinye iimeko zempilo ezibalulekileyo, ezinye iingxaki zengqondo okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okunengxaki— abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ngaphezu kwesithathu kwisithathu sezigulana azizange zibandakanyeke.
Imeko yayimangalisa ngakumbi xa yayisetyenziswa iinkcazo ezibanzi zesifo somaticKwamanye amaqela, inani labantu abakhutshelwe ngaphandle liye landa ngokucacileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, abo baneemeko ezinzima kakhulu—ingakumbi abo bafuna ingqalelo enkulu—abafani kangako nabathathi-nxaxheba kuvavanyo apho izikhokelo zeklinikhi zisekelwe khona.
Iziphumo zeklinikhi zalo msantsa zibalulekile. Ngokwedatha evela kolu phononongo, Izigulana ezazingabandakanywanga kuvavanyo zazinomngcipheko ophindwe kabini wokulaliswa esibhedlele ngengqondo, ukuzama ukuzibulala, okanye ukufa. ngexesha leenyanga ezintandathu zokulandelela, xa kuthelekiswa nabo bebeya kuba ngabafanelekileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, amatyala anzima kakhulu nantsonkothileyo okwenyani awabonakaliswa ngokwaneleyo kubungqina obukhokela indlela yokusebenza yemihla ngemihla.
KuJoaquim Raduà, intloko yeqela lophando kwi-Imaging of Mood and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) kwi-IDIBAPS, oku kukhomba kwi ingxaki yesakhiwo kwindlela ephandwa ngayo ukudakumbaUkhankanya ukuba iimvavanyo zibalulekile, kodwa ngokuzikhupha ngaphandle izigulana ezinezinye izifo ezinganyangekiyo, kwenziwa iingcebiso "ezingahambelaniyo" nenyani yamatyala amaninzi abonwa ngokubonisana.
Ngokufanayo, uEduard Vieta, intloko yeNkonzo yePsychiatry and Psychology kwiKliniki kunye nentloko yeqela leBipolar and Depression Disorders kwi-IDIBAPS, uthi lixesha lokuba izifundo zoyilo ezineekhrayitheriya zokubandakanywa ezingqongqo kakhulu, yandisa amaxesha okubeka esweni kwaye idibanise ngokucwangcisiweyo idatha yokwenyani yezonyangoNgale ndlela, izikhokelo ziya kufaneleka ngakumbi kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zabantu abanengxaki yokudakumba okukhulu eYurophu kwaye ziya kwenza kube lula unyango oluhambelana ngakumbi neeprofayili ezisengozini enkulu.
Ukuzilolonga umzimba, "unyango" olusebenza kakuhle njengeziyobisi
Nangona indlela amatyala anzima aphandwa kwaye aphathwa ngayo ihlaziywa, isayensi iqinisa omnye umyalezo obalulekileyo: Ukufuduka sesinye sezona zixhobo zinamandla zokulwa nokudakumba kunye noxinzeleloUphononongo olupheleleyo olupapashwe kwi IBritish Journal of Medicine yeMidlalo Uthelekise iintlobo ezininzi zokuzilolonga nonyango oluqhelekileyo olufana namayeza okanye unyango lwengqondo.
Ababhali baphonononge uvavanyo lweklinikhi olucwangcisiweyo oluhlalutye impembelelo imisebenzi yomzimba ecwangcisiweyo, ecwangcisiweyo, nephindaphindwayo malunga neempawu zokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba. Babandakanya abathathi-nxaxheba abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-90 ubudala, abanokuxilongwa ngokwezonyango ukuba banesifo sokudakumba okanye abane iimpawu zokudakumba ezifanelekileyokodwa ngaphandle kwezinye izifo ezongezelelekileyo ezinokuphazamisa iziphumo.
Kwimeko yokudakumba, ukuhlanganiswa kuhlanganisiwe Uhlalutyo lwe-meta olungama-57 nto leyo eyayiquka izifundo ezimalunga nama-800 kwaye phantse zonke Abathathi-nxaxheba abayi-58.000Ezi nkqubo zokungenelela zahlulwe zaba ziibhloko ezine eziphambili: umthambo we-aerobic (umzekelo, ukubaleka, ukudada okanye ukudanisa), uqeqesho lokuqinisa amandla, imisebenzi yengqondo nomzimba njengeyoga, i-tai chi okanye i-qigong, kunye neenkqubo ezixutyiweyo ezidibanisa iifomathi ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokuphathelele ixhala, kuhlalutywe oku kulandelayo: Uhlalutyo lwe-meta olungama-24Olu phononongo luquke izifundo ezingama-258 kunye nabantu abadala abangaphezu kwe-19.000. Kwaphinda kwaqwalaselwa iinkqubo zokuzilolonga ezifana ne-aerobic, resistance, brain-body, kunye ne-combined exercise. Kuzo zonke iimeko, umthambo kwakufuneka ujoliswe ngokucacileyo ekuphuculeni impilo yomzimba okanye yengqondo kwaye ulandele ulwakhiwo oluthile.
Iziphumo zizonke zibonisa ukuba umthambo uvelisa isiphumo esiphakathi ekunciphiseni iimpawu zokudakumba kunye nefuthe elincinci ukuya kweliphakathi ekunciphiseni ixhala. iingenelo ezibonakala ngakumbi zibonwe ebantwini abantu abadala abaselula kunye nabasetyhini kwixesha lokubeleka, amaqela amabini achaphazeleke kakhulu ziingxaki zempilo yengqondo.
Zonke iindlela ezihlalutyiweyo zibonise iziphumo ezilungileyo, kodwa ezi zilandelayo zivelele ngokukodwa: iinkqubo ze-aerobic, zeqela nezolawulo Xa kufikwa ekunciphiseni uxinezeleko, i-aerobics, amandla, umthambo wengqondo nomzimba, kunye nokudibanisa kwawo kwanxulunyaniswa nokuphucuka okuphakathi kwiimpawu zoxinzelelo.
Enye into ephawulekayo kukuba, ngokubhekiselele ekunciphiseni iimpawu, Ukuzilolonga kwabekwa kwinqanaba elifanayo, okanye nangaphezulu, neziyobisi kunye nonyango lokuthetha. kuhlalutyo oluninzi lokuthelekisa. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo zexesha elifutshane kunye nobunzima obuphakathi Zibonakala ziluncedo kakhulu ekunciphiseni ixhala, into efanelekileyo kubantu abathi, ngenxa yemeko yabo, bazive bengakwazi ukumelana nemisebenzi enzima kakhulu.
Ababhali bolu phononongo bayavuma ukuba kukho imida: iinkcazo zomthambo "ubunzima" okanye "ubude" azifani, kwaye uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lwendlela iziphumo ezahluka ngayo kulo lonke ixesha lobomi azikafumaneki. Nangona kunjalo, bagqiba kwelokuba kukho ubungqina obuqinileyo bokuba umthambo unciphisa ngempumelelo iimpawu zokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba kuluntu olubanzi, kunye neprofayili yokhuseleko entle kunye nexabiso eliphantsi ngokubanzi.
Ngenxa yale datha, iingcali zibheja misela iinkqubo zokuzilolonga ezenzelwe wenailungelelaniswe nobudala bomntu ngamnye, imeko yakhe yomzimba, izinto azikhethayo, kunye nemeko yakhe yezonyango. Kwiimeko apho ukufikelela kwi-psychotherapy okanye amayeza kunqongophele, okanye apho kukho ukuxhathisa okuthile kunyango lwendabuko, umthambo ojongiweyo—ingakumbi kwifomathi yeqela—uvela njengokhetho lokuqala. iingenelo ezongezelelweyo zempilo yomzimba.
Uxinzelelo lwezemfundo, imidiya yoluntu, kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela uxinzelelo kubantu abancinci
Ngaphandle konyango, uphando lwakutshanje lunciphisa ukugxila kwalo kwi- izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko weempawu zokudakumba kunye nokuziphatha kokuzilimaza kulutsha nakubantu abadala abancinci. Uphononongo olude olunabathathi-nxaxheba abaphantse babe ngama-5.000, olulandelwe ukususela kwiminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-24, luhlalutye ulwalamano phakathi uxinzelelo lwezemfundo olubonwayo kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo lweemvakalelo.
Olu phando, lusekelwe kwizixhobo eziqinisekisiweyo ezifana Uvavanyo lwemibuzo malunga neemvakalelo ezimfutshane ukuvavanya iimpawu zokudakumba, ihlukile kwi uyilo lokulandelela ixesha elide nangokulawula izinto ezininzi ezididayo. Iziphumo azisivumeli ukuba sithethe ngezizathu ezithe ngqo, kodwa zibonisa ukuba ulwalamano oluhambelanayoUlutsha oluziva luxinezelekile kakhulu kwizifundo lunamathuba amaninzi okukhula iimpawu zokudakumba kunye nokuziphatha okuzilimazayo ezihlala zide zifikelele ekuqaleni kobudala.
Olu phononongo luxhasa ubungqina bangaphambili obusele bukhomba kulwalamano phakathi Uxinzelelo lwesikolo kunye noxinzelelo lwengqondoNangona kunjalo, ikwenza oko ngomgangatho ophezulu kunezifundo ezininzi zangaphambili, ezazihlala zixutywa kwaye zisebenzisa iisampulu ezincinci. Ngaphezu koko, igxininisa imfuneko yokuba imigaqo-nkqubo yezemfundo kunye ukungenelela ezikolweni bandakanya umlinganiselo weemvakalelo kungekhona nje ukusebenza kwezemfundo.
Ababhali bakwabonisa imida yolu phando: iqela liquka abantu abazalwa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1990, kwindawo yedijithali engaxinenanga kangako kunale yanamhlanje, ngaphandle kokubakho kuyo yonke indawo ii-smartphones kunye neenethiwekhi zentlalo ezifana neTikTok, i-Instagram, okanye i-SnapchatOku kuthetha ukuba ukuqikelela izinto ngendlela engaqhelekanga kulutsha lwanamhlanje kufuna unonophelo, kuba imeko yezentlalo, yezobuchwepheshe, neyomsebenzi ngoku ayiqinisekanga kwaye ivuselela kakhulu.
Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba imilinganiselo yayisekelwe uzifaka ingxeloOku kuthetha ukuba imeko yeemvakalelo yomntu oselula okanye umnqweno wokubonisa umfanekiso othile unokuphembelela iimpendulo zakhe. Nangona kunjalo, indibaniselwano yoyilo olude, ulawulo oluguquguqukayo, kunye nohlalutyo oluqinileyo lwezibalo lunika ubunzima obukhulu kwizigqibo.
Kunye nendima yoxinzelelo lwezemfundo, uluntu lwezenzululwazi lugxininisa ukuba impilo yengqondo yolutsha yinto enjalo izinto ezininziUkusetyenziswa kakhulu okanye ngokungakhathali kweendaba zoluntu—ingakumbi xa kusekelwe ekuthelekiseni rhoqo nabanye—kunxulunyaniswa ixhala, ukuzithemba okuphantsi, kunye neengxaki zokulalaNangona kunjalo, impembelelo yayo ixhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo lomxholo, imeko-bume yosapho neyesikolo, kunye nokuba sesichengeni komntwana ngamnye ofikisayo ngaphambili.
Uncwadi lwamazwe ngamazwe lukwakhomba nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo: inqanaba lentlalo-qoqoshoinkxaso yosapho, amava okuxhatshazwa, umgangatho wokulala, okanye ukuvezwa kwizinto ezingalindelekanga zehlabathi ezifana ingxaki yemozulu okanye iziphumo ezingokweemvakalelo zobhubhane we-Covid-19Konke oku kudala imeko apho uxinzelelo lokwenza izinto—ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweklasi—luqiniswa yi- imeko-bume yedijithali eyandisa uthelekiso kunye neemfuno esisigxina.
Ngenxa yoko, iingcali zicebisa ukuba kujongwane nokudakumba kunye noxinzelelo kubantu abaselula. indlela edibeneyo ethathela ingqalelo imeko yezemfundo, ubomi be-intanethi, indlela intsapho etshintsha ngayo izinto, kunye neemeko zentlalo. Ungenelelo oludibanisa Ukuthintela kumaziko emfundo, ukusebenza neentsapho kunye nokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwezikrini Zibonakala zithembisa kakhulu ekunciphiseni umngcipheko weengxaki zempilo yengqondo kweli nqanaba.
Oko umntu onesifo sokudakumba akudingayo ngokwenene: indima yenkxaso
Ngaphandle kwedatha kunye nezibalo, omnye umba uqhubeka kwingxoxo yoluntu malunga nokudakumba: Indlela yokuxhasa umntu ophethwe yiyo ngaphandle kokumenzakalisa ngengoziESpain, umyalezo wengcali yezengqondo uye wasasazeka ngokubeka amazwi... oko amawaka abantu abanesifo sokudakumba bakuvayo yonke imihla kwaye abanakukwazi ukuchaza rhoqo.
Ingcamango yakhe ivela kwingcamango elula: ukuba wayedandathekile kwaye umntu efuna ukumnceda, into ebeya kuyidinga kakhulu ibingayi kuba yintetho ekhuthazayo, kodwa imiqondiso ebonakalayo yokuba khona nokuqondaOkokuqala, isusa amanye amabinzana aqhelekileyo, nangona ethethwa ngeenjongo ezilungileyo, awanamsebenzi—kwaye ayingozi—kumntu odlula kwixesha lokudakumba.
Phakathi kwezo miyalezo kukho incwadi yakudala ethi “Tyhila"okanye izisombululo fast njengokuthi “phuma ngakumbi,” “yenza indima yakho,” okanye “cinga ngezinto ezilungileyo onazo.” Ngokusuka kumava okudakumba, uyacacisa, ezi ngcebiso azincedi nje kuphela, kodwa ziyandisa umvandedwa: umntu uyazi ukuba ngokwethiyori unezizathu zokuba aphile kakuhle, kodwa Akakwazi ukuziva, kwaye akanawo amandla okusebenzisa icebiso elibonakala lilula..
Ingcali yezengqondo ikwagxininisa ukuba ukudakumba akusiyo "nto esengqondweni yakho" nje kuphela: umzimba uyachaphazelekakunye nokudinwa kakhulu, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, utshintsho ekutyeni, kunye nokuziva unzima rhoqo. Into eqhelekileyo njenge Ukuphuma ebhedini kunokuba yimpumelelo enkulu yosukuNgoko ke, ukugweba umntu ochitha iiyure ezininzi elele phantsi okanye engenzi nto kongeza nje ekubandezelekeni kwakhe.
Endaweni yokumnyanzela umntu ukuba "aphendule," ingqwalasela mayibe Mamela ngaphandle kokugweba, ngaphandle kokuthelekisa, kwaye ngaphandle kokunciphisa indlela abavakalelwa ngayo.Ubukho obuthuleyo, ngaphandle kokungxama ukuzalisa ukuthula okungaqhelekanga, bunokuba luncedo olukhulu: ngokulula nje ukuhlala ecaleni, nokuba akukho ncoko kwaye akukho nto ikhethekileyo yenziwayo.Ibonisa ukuba lo mntu akayedwa kwizinto azivayo.
Enye inqaku eliphambili yi inkxaso ebonakalayo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla esisiseko: ukulungiselela isidlo esilula, ukuhamba nomntu ohambahambayo, ukunceda ekulungiseleleni idinga likagqirha, okanye ukumkhumbuza ukuba kukho abantu abafumanekayo xa kufuneka. Ezi zenzo zincinci zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu ngexesha apho imvakalelo yangaphakathi idla ngokuba "kukungabi naxabiso" nokuba ngumthwalo kwabanye. Ukujongana nale mvakalelo, kuyanceda ukugxila kumaqhinga okunceda ukuphucula ukuzithemba yomntu ochaphazelekayo.
Ngoko ke, ingcali igxininisa ukubaluleka kokubonisa loo nto Umntu usenexabiso nangona engasakwazi "ukufaka isandla" nantoni nakwaye isidima sakhe asixhomekekanga kwimveliso yakhe okanye kwimvakalelo yakhe. Ukuzama "ukumnyanzela ukuba aphume" kwimeko yakhe—umzekelo, ngokubeka izicwangciso ezingahambelani namandla akhe—kudla ngokuba yinto engalunganga; into ayidingayo kakhulu kukuba ukuhamba nomonde ebumnyameni, ngaphandle kokugweba okanye ukungxama.
Umyalezo wakhe wokugqibela, oye wavakala kwimidiya yoluntu nakwiindaba, usikhumbuza ukuba Emva kwayo yonke incumo okanye yonke into ethi "Ndiphilile" kusenokubakho imfazwe engathethiyoAkukho mntu ukhuselekileyo ekubandezelekeni ngaxa lithile ebomini bakhe, kwaye umahluko omkhulu ukwimeko-bume: amandla eqela okubonelela ngenkxaso. uvelwano, uvelwano, kunye nobudlelwane obuzinzileyongaphaya kwezinto ezithethwa ngabantu abaninzi.
Nebhola ekhatywayo ye-elite iyaphela: ityala likaRonald Araújo
Ingxoxo malunga nokudakumba kunye nempilo yengqondo ithathe utshintsho olukhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngenxa yokuba, ngokuyinxenye, inyani yokuba Abantu abadumileyo ababalaseleyo baqala ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngento eyenzekayo kubo.Enye yezona bungqina zithethwa kakhulu eSpain yile yokuba URonald Araujo, umkhuseli weFC Barcelona kunye nekapteni yeqela emva kokuhamba kukaTer Stegen.
Lo mdlali wasesiswini wase-Uruguay uthe, emva kokukhululwa kwakhe eStamford Bridge kumdlalo neChelsea, wenze isigqibo esingaqhelekanga kwibhola ekhatywayo yobungcali: yeka ukukhathalela impilo yakho yengqondoElo khadi libomvu yayilixesha lokugqibela kwinkqubo, ngokutsho kwakhe, ebisenziwa ixesha elide: ngaphezu unyaka onesiqingatha nditsala ixhala elagqibela lisiba luxinzelelo, ngelixa beqhubeka nokukhuphisana kwinqanaba eliphezulu.
Ngamazwi akhe, wayengaziva kakuhle kangangexesha elithile, nokuba kusebaleni okanye kubomi bakhe bobuqu nobosapho. Wazama ukuqhubeka ephuma kwi-inertia, njengoko kulindelekile kumntu onembali yakhe, kodwa kwafika ixesha apho waqonda ukuba Bendingasayithandi ibhola ekhatywayoNangona wayesoloko ecinga ukuba yinto awayeyithanda kakhulu, oku kulahlekelwa yinzondelelo kwakusisilumkiso sokuba kukho ingxaki enkulu.
Emva kokugxothwa kwakhe, naxa i-adrenaline yomdlalo iphelile, waqonda ukuba udinga Phakamisa isandla sakho ucele uncedo lweengcali.Uyavuma ukuba umkhwa wakhe yayikukugcina yonke into kuye, kodwa waqonda ukuba ufikelele kumda wakhe: wayengaziva ngathi usebaleni, waphawula ukuba ukusebenza kwakhe kwakungekho kumgangatho awayewazi ukuba angawenza, waza waqala ukuqwalasela ezinye iindlela ezazimkhathaza, njengokuqhubeka nokudlala ngaphandle kokuyonwabela okanye, ngokugqithisileyo, ukuyeka.
Inyathelo elibalulekileyo yayikukwabelana ngalo nomlawuli wezemidlalo weBarça, uDeco, kwaye, ukusuka apho, nomongameli weklabhu kunye nomqeqeshi. U-Araujo ucacisa ukuba, nangona kwakumangalisa ekuqaleni—akuqhelekanga ukuba umdlali webhola ekhatywayo obalaseleyo avume ekuhleni ukuba unesifo sokudakumba—impendulo yayi... inkxaso epheleleyoIklabhu yamnika izixhobo, iingcali, kunye nexesha lokugxila ekuchacheni kwakhe, into ayijonga njengebalulekileyo.
Loo nkxaso yeziko yongezwa inkxaso evela kusapho lwakhe nakwigumbi lokutshintshelaUAraujo akafihli nto yokuba emva kokugqiba ekubeni ayeke, wadlula kwiintsuku ezinzima kakhulu, apho wayengafuni nokuvuka ebhedini. Nangona kunjalo, ugxininisa indima yeqabane lakhe, elalinyamekela iintombi zabo ezincinci kwaye lamxhasa ngamaxesha aphantsi. Ukwagxininisa imiyalezo evela koogxa bakhe, abamkhuthaza ukuba aphile kancinci aze abuyele ekubeni "ngumntu wakhe wakudala."
Umdlali webhola ekhatywayo ukwabalisa ngendlela ukugxekwa kunye nezimvo kwimidiya yoluntu Zinokuba ngumthombo wokubandezeleka okungakumbi, ingakumbi xa zichaphazela usapho. Ibalisa ngempembelelo yokufumanisa ukuba kukho abasebenzisi ababefikelela enqwenela ukufa kwiintombi zakheOku kwamenza wacinga kwakhona ngomlinganiselo apho ukubhencwa eluntwini kunye nemeko-bume kwimidiya yoluntu enokonakalisa impilo-ntle yeemvakalelo yabadlali kunye nendawo abakufutshane kuyo.
Kwinkqubo yakhe yokuchacha, uAraujo ukwanike indima ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yakhe. ukholo lomntuWasebenzisa elo khefu ukuya e-Israel, apho wayefuna indawo yokuthula nokungadibani nabantu eyayiza kumnceda ukuba aphinde aqhagamshelane neenkolelo zakhe, ahlele iingcinga zakhe, aze afumane uxolo lwangaphakathi. Uchaza olo hambo njengotshintsho olwamnika amandla okujongana noko kwalandelayo.
Ukubuyela kwakhe kukhuphiswano kwabonakala kumdlalo weCopa del Rey bedlala neAlbacete, apho waqala khona kwakhona waza wafumana igoli elibalulekileyo. Ngaphaya kweziphumo zemidlalo, uthe uzive ekhululekile. "umntu owahluke ngokupheleleyo, okhululekileyo nowonwabileyo ngakumbi"evakalelwa kukuba eyona nto imbi yayisemva kwakhe kwaye wayekulungele ngakumbi ukujongana neengxaki zexesha elizayo, ngenxa yokusebenza neengcali zempilo yengqondo.
Nanamhla oku, ugxininisa ukuba abadlali abantu ngaphambi kwabadlali bebhola ekhatywayoUmvuzo okanye udumo azibakhuseli kwixhala okanye ukudakumba, kwaye ulindelo lwangaphandle—kuquka olo lusasazeka kwihlabathi le-intanethi—lunokugqibela luba nzima kakhulu. Ityala labo, elixelwe kakhulu kwiindaba zaseSpain, libe negalelo ku ukwenza ingcamango yokuba ukufuna uncedo lwengqondo kwimidlalo ye-elite akuyonto ibuthathaka, kodwa linyathelo eliyimfuneko ukunyamekela impilo yengqondo.
Idatha yophando, uphononongo malunga nokuzilolonga, kunye neengxelo zomntu wokuqala zonke zidibana kwicala elinye: Ukudakumba yinto enzima nto leyo efuna unyango olusekelwe kubungqina, amaqhinga okuthintela aqwalasela imeko yentlalo neyemfundo, kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke iindawo ezinokukwazi ukuxhasa ngaphandle kokugwebaIzilingo ezibandakanya wonke umntu, iinkqubo zomsebenzi womzimba ezilungiselelwe iprofayili nganye, ukujonga ngokubanzi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko kubantu abancinci, kunye notshintsho lwenkcubeko kwindlela esithetha ngayo ngempilo yengqondo—kokubini esitratweni nakwimidlalo yobungcali—zizinto ezithi, kancinci kancinci, zincede ekuqinisekiseni ukuba akukho mntu umele alwe elo dabi eyedwa.
