Umahluko ubizwa ngokuba ngumfuziselo womsitho ongachazwanga, ongowomsebenzi onokufumana amaxabiso ahlukeneyo. Ifanelekile ngale ndlela ukusukela, njengoko igama lisitsho, iyahluka, kwaye ubudlelwane bayo bunokubonakala (ngokomgangatho) kwaye bunokulinganiswa (ngokobungakanani).
Imvelaphi kunye nophuhliso lokwahluka kubangelwa yimisebenzi yeArithmetic yeDiofanto kunye al-Kit? b al-mukhta? ar IAl-Juarismi.
Eli gama liyahluka ngokwentsimi esetyenziswa kuyo, nokuba ikhompyuter, njengendawo ikhompyutha ekufuneka ifakele kuyo inkqubo; kwimathematika, njengophawu olunamaxabiso ahlukileyo ngokwamanani kwi-equation; Isazinzulu, esenza iingcinga kwiprojekthi; manani, njengoko uphawu kuqatshelwe kubantu abohlukeneyo; okanye kusengqiqweni, njengokumelwa kwekhonkrithi kwedatha.
Ngapha koko, izinto eziguquguqukayo zinokuhlelwa ngolwalamano lwabo kwi-hypothesis, ukuxhomekeka okanye ukuzimela, ofuna ukulinganisa izinto zophando lwentlalo okanye inzululwazi.
Yintoni umahluko oxhomekekileyo?
Umahluko oxhomekekileyo, Kuxhomekeke kutshintsho olwenziwe ngumahluko ozimeleyo, Oko kukuthi, ixabiso lawo lixhomekeke kwezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo. Kwangokunjalo, sinokuthi yeyona nto iphambili apho umphandi ajolise kuyo kuvavanyo lokuziphatha kwento yokufunda ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingqinisisekayo.
Yintoni umahluko ozimeleyo?
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Umahluko ozimeleyo Yeyona inokusetyenziselwa yona kunye notshintsho oluya kwenziwa kukungafani okuxhomekekileyo. Kwangokunjalo, ihlelwa njengomsitho oza kuvavanywa ukuze kufunyaniswe isiphumo sayo okanye impembelelo kwinto efundwayo.
Kwimathematika, umahluko oxhomekekileyo uboniswa ngo "f", kunye nolwahlukileyo oluzimeleyo nonobumba "x".
Imizekelo ecacileyo yokuqonda ngokulula oku kungasentla:
- Umzekelo. 1Uhlobo lomculo werock luzichaphazela njani iimeko zabantu?
Umahluko oxhomekekileyo: imo yabantu (utshintsho olwenziwe ngumahluko ozimeleyo)
Umahluko ozimeleyo: Uhlobo lomculo werock (olona lubangela ifuthe kuguquguquko oluxhomekeke)
- Umzekelo. 2: Abemi baseVenezuela: Umahluko ozimeleyo ngunyaka ukusukela ngonyaka ubukho ngokuzimeleyo kwabemi baseVenezuela; kwaye inani labantu baseVenzuelan lixhomekeke kwixesha elidlulileyo, ekule meko kulo nyaka, ngenxa yeso sizathu inani labantu baseVenzuelan lingumahluko oxhomekekileyo.
| Abemi baseVenezuela | |||
| Año | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 |
| Lwabantu | 30.900.955 | 31.335.113 | 31.775.371 |
| Itafile: Itafile emele umsebenzi. | |||
Umahluko ozimeleyo ngunyaka ukusukela ngonyaka ubukho ngokuzimeleyo kwabemi baseVenezuela; kwaye abemi baseVenezuela baxhomekeke kwixesha elidlulileyo, ekule meko kulo nyaka, ngenxa yeso sizathu abemi baseVenzuelan baguqukayo abaxhomekeke kulo.
- Umzekelo 3: Siya kwindawo ekuthengiswa kuyo imifuno ukuze sithenge iitapile kwaye ixabiso layo li- $ 1 / kg, ixabiso esiza kulihlawula iitapile liya kuba ngokwexabiso esilithengileyo ngeekhilogram, ngoko ke umsebenzi ngu-f (x) = 1x. Ukuba sithenga i-2 kg kuyakufuneka sibhatale $ 2
Umahluko ozimeleyo
Ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka nokuzimela okwahlukileyo kukho umahluko owongezelelweyo obizwa ngokuba ukungenelela okungafaniyo, nto leyo enokuthi ichaphazele isiphumo esilindele ukuba sizuze kwizinto ezixhomekekileyo nezizimeleyo. Lo mahluko ayisiyiyo into yokufunda, kodwa ukuba iyangenelela kwaye ayilawulwa, inokutshintsha ukulandelelana kokulindelweyo ukuba kufumaneke ngophando.
Ex. 3: Buyintoni ubudlelwane phakathi kwexesha lokulinda kunye nombono wenkonzo esemgangathweni kwindawo yokushicilela yephephandaba lehlabathi phakathi kuka-Matshi no-Epreli 2017?
| Umahluko oxhomekekileyo | Ukuqonda umgangatho wokhathalelo |
| Umahluko ozimeleyo | Ixesha lokulinda |
| Ungenelelo lokwahluka | Umyalelo weShift |
Ukwahlulahlula izinto ngokwendalo:
- Izinto eziguquguqukayo ngokwedatha yakho yobungakanani: Kuxa kulinganiswa, yile ndlela emele ubungakanani bamanani. Izinto eziguquguqukayo kubungakanani zinokuba:
- Izinto eziqhubekayo: Iyunithi yokulinganisa ayinakwahlulwa apha. Umz: Inani labantakwenu.
- Izinto eziyekisiweyo: Kule nto, iyunithi yokuhlela inokwahlulahlulwa. Umz: Ubungakanani, ubunzima.
- Izinto eziguquguqukayo ngokwedatha yakho esemgangathweni: Kuxa iimpawu zento eza kufundwa zigcinwa ukubonelela ngeelebheli okanye igama.
Ex.: Ukuwongwa kwabasebenzi kwinkqubo yezabasebenzi.
Ukwahlulahlulwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ngokwexabiso lomlinganiso:
- Umahluko ngokwamagama: yahlulwe ngokokwahlulwa ngokwendawo yayo. Umz: Isini: Indoda okanye umfazi.
- Umahluko oqhelekileyo: uhlela ngokwenyani iinyani, izifundo okanye izinto ngendlela elungeleleneyo. Umzekelo: Kusasa, emva kwemini, ebusuku.
- Umahluko okhoyo phakathi kwexesha: Ukwahlula-hlula ngokwecandelo, ngokwamanani, ngobungakanani okanye ngobukhulu. Umz: Isimo sezulu, IQ.
- Umahluko womgangatho: Ukwahlula ngokwamanqanaba ngokwezigaba zangaphambili kwaye umgama phakathi kwamanqaku amabini uhlala ufana. Umz: Ubunzima, ukuphakama, ubudala.
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba Akukho mahluko uhlala uxhomekeke okanye uzimele kuba iyahluka ngokwesihlandlo ekubhekiswe kuso. Oko kukuthi, ukuxhomekeka okanye ukuzimela akubalulekanga nakweyiphi na umahluko.