Imfuno ye Ulwimi lwezandla lwaseSpain ingafundiswa njengesifundo onokukhetha kuso Ukufundiswa kweelwimi zabantu abangevayo ezikolweni nakwiikholeji kuyanda kulo lonke ilizwe. Amaqela abantu abangevayo kunye nabantu abalwela amalungelo oluntu baphinde bazisa ingqalelo kwinto abayithatha njengento engangqinelaniyo: kukho isakhelo somthetho esivumela ukuba zifundiswe eziklasini, kodwa uninzi lwabafundi aluzange lube nalo elo thuba.
Intshukumo "Iimpawu ezitshintsha ihlabathi"Ikhokelwa litshantliziyo elingevayo uMarcos Lechet, le ntshukumo ithathe ukhokelo kolu mfuno kwaye iqalile ukuqokelela inkxaso yoluntu. Umyalezo wabo ucacile: akukho mfuneko yokupasisa eminye imithetho, kodwa ekugqibeleni kufuneka kuphunyezwe leyo sele ikhona ukuze nawuphi na umntwana, nokuba uhlala phi na, afunde ulwimi lwezandla ukuba unqwenela njalo.
Umthetho obusebenza phantse iminyaka engamashumi amabini ongabonakali kangako kwiiklasi
Le ntshukumo igxininisa ukuba Isiseko esisemthethweni sokubakho kolwimi lwezandla kwimfundo sele senziweUMthetho 27/2007, owawuvuma ngokusemthethweni ulwimi lwezandla eSpain, ubusebenza phantse iminyaka eli-19 kwaye umisela isakhelo sokufundisa kwawo kwinkqubo yemfundo.
Lo mthetho wahlanganiswa ngo-2022 yi-a Umyalelo woBukhosi kwikharityhulam yezemfundo Oku kuvumela ukufakwa koLwimi lweZandla lwaseSpain njengesifundo esinganyanzelekanga kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo emfundo. Ikharityhulam ethile sele iphuhlisiwe yiZiko loLungiso lweZilwimi, ngoko ke kukho izikhokelo zokufundisa ezichaziweyo, amanqanaba, kunye nomxholo wokufundisa.
Ingxaki, njengoko amatshantliziyo etsho, ayikokungabikho kwemithetho, kodwa kukusetyenziswa kwayo ngendlela esebenzisekayo. "ISpain ayidingi mthetho mtsha, kufuneka ithobele lowo sele inawo."UMarcos Lechet ushwankathela ukuba, kwinyani yobomi besikolo bemihla ngemihla, uninzi lwabafundi aluze lubone ulwimi lwezandla kwizifundo ezinikezelwa esikolweni sabo.
Ngokwale platform, Uninzi lwabafundi aluzange lufumane ithuba Isigqibo sokukhetha ulwimi lwezandla njengesifundo, nangona umthetho uluvumela kangangeminyaka, sikhokelele ekubeni olu tshintsho luqinise iphulo lalo loxinzelelo lwentlalo nolweziko. Lo msantsa phakathi komthetho noko kwenzekayo kumagumbi okufundela yiwo owenze ukuba olu tshintsho lwenzeke.
Abantu abangaphezu kwe-1,2 yezigidi abazizithulu okanye abanengxaki yokuva bajongene nemiqobo engapheliyo
Abakhuthazi bale nkqubo bathi eSpain Abantu abangaphezu kwe-1,2 yezigidi bangabantu abangevayo okanye abava kakuhleNangona kunjalo, ulwazi lolwimi lwezandla phakathi kwabantu ngokubanzi luncinci kakhulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba yimiqobo yemihla ngemihla kunxibelelwano.
Oku kunqongophala kobuchule bokuthetha ngezandla kubangela imiqobo kwiimeko ezinjalo ezisisiseko njengokuya kugqirha, ukuya eklasini, okanye ukuba nencoko engacwangciswanga. Le ntshukumo iyayigxeka into yokuba, enyanisweni, ngaphezulu kwe-2% yabemi bayacalulwa, behlangabezana nemiqobo engabonakaliyo xa bezama ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokulinganayo kubomi bentlalo, bemfundo, kunye nomsebenzi.
Kwabo baxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwayo ezikolweni, ukufundisa ulwimi lwezandla njengesifundo onokukhetha kuso kungaba yindlela elula yokwenza oku ukukhuthaza ukubandakanywa kunye nokulungiswa kwesimo ukwahlukahluka konxibelelwano kwasebuntwaneni. Bathi, njengokuba abafundi bekhuthazwa ukuba bafunde iilwimi zasemzini, kuquka ulwimi lwezandla kwizifundo ezikhethwayo kuya kunceda abantu abaninzi basebenzisane ngokwemvelo nabantu abazizithulu okanye abanengxaki yokuva.
ULechet, owaphulukana nokuva kwakhe eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala kwaye Waphinda wafumana inxalenye yokuva kwakhe eneminyaka engama-23 ngenxa ye-cochlear implants.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, lo mbutho ukhuthaze amaphulo ahlukeneyo okuphucula ukufikelela kweli qela. Oku kuquka amanyathelo okwenza kube lula ukufikelela kwii-cochlear implants kunye nokuvunywa kweemaski zobuso ezicacileyo ngexesha lobhubhane ukuvumela ukufunda imilebe. Ngoku, ingqwalasela yayo ikukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwimi lwezandla alubi yinto engaqhelekanga ngamanye amaxesha kwaye lube lukhetho lokwenyani kwinkqubo yemfundo.
Umahluko phakathi kweendawo zokuhlala: "ikhowudi yeposi" imisela ukufikelela
Esinye sezikhalazo eziphambili zale ntshukumo kukuba umahluko omkhulu weendawo ekunikezelweni kolwimi lwezandlaKukho uluntu oluzimeleyo apho amanye amanyathelo sele ethathiwe, ngelixa kwamanye umxholo ungekho kwikhathalogu yezifundo ezikhethiweyo.
Umzekelo, ityala lika ICastilla-La Mancha, apho ulwimi lwezandla lufundiswa khona kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kumaziko athile. E-Aragon, amanye amaziko ayifakile kwiminikelo yawo, esebenzisa amathuba okuzimela ukuze atyebise iprojekthi yawo yemfundo ngesi sifundo.
Nangona kunjalo, "kwinkoliso yelizwe" imeko yahlukile kakhulu: Abafundi abanakufumana ulwimi lwezandla phakathi kweendlela abanokukhetha kuzo ezifundiswayo xa kukhethwa izifundo ozikhethelayo. Le nyaniso ithetha ukuba ithuba lokufunda lixhomekeke kwindawo ohlala kuyo, into leyo intshukumo eyithatha njengengafanelekanga kakhulu.
"Ayinakuxhomekeka kwikhowudi yeposi“Oku kubalulekile,” ugxininisa uLechet, ecela uMphathiswa weMfundo kunye nabasemagunyeni bezemfundo bengingqi ukuba basebenzise ngendlela efanayo. Isicelo kukuba, nokuba isikolo sikuphi na, isifundo masinikwe njengokhetho, ukuze kungabikho mimandla yodidi lokuqala nolwesibini malunga nokufikelela kolu lwimi.
Ityala likaNora: ukusuka kwimfuno yosapho ukuya kuphawu lwemfuno
Eli phulo lifumane ukubonakala okukhulu ngenxa yamabali athile afana nala UNora, intombazana eneminyaka eli-10 ubudala evela eBilbao owaduma emva kokubonakala kwakhe kumboniso othi 'Got Talent Spain'. Kukhuphiswano, Wacula ingoma ngolwimi lwezandla. ezinikele kumakhulu wakhe ongevayo, nto leyo eshukumisa iqela labagwebi kunye noluntu.
UNora waqala wafunda ulwimi lwezandla ukuze bakwazi ukunxibelelana noomakhulu nootatomkhulu babo abangevayoKodwa amava akhe agqibela edlula kakhulu usapho. Ngeendaba zoluntu kunye nokuthatha kwakhe inxaxheba kwiphulo elithi "Iimpawu eziTshintsha iHlabathi", uye waba ngumntu obonakalayo wale mfuno yoluntu.
Kwividiyo ekhutshwe yintshukumo, le ntombazana ithumela umyalezo othe ngqo: Ufuna bonke abantwana bafumane ithuba lokufunda ulwimi lwezandla esikolweni.Kwimeko yakhe into eyayiyimfuneko yokunxibelelana nosapho lwakhe akufuneki ibe yinto engaqhelekanga, batsho abakhuthazi bephulo, kodwa ibe yinto evulelekileyo kuye nawuphi na umfundi.
Ibali likaNora lincede ekusondezeni ingxoxo kubantu abaninzi abasenokuba abazange bayicinge indima yolwimi lwezandla ezikolweni. Ngokubonisa imeko yemihla ngemihla, Ibeka ubuso kwimiphumo yokwenyani yolu khetho engekho kangako kwiindawo ezininzi. kwaye kunceda ukuqonda isizathu sokuba abazali abaninzi, ootitshala, kunye neengcali zibone ukuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokubandakanya.
Ukuqokelela iisiginitsha kunye noxinzelelo lweziko ukuze isifundo esikhethiweyo sibe yinyani
Ukuze banike ingqwalasela kwiimfuno zabo, le ntshukumo iqalise isicelo esithunyelwe kwiSebe leMfundo kunye noluntu oluzimeleyoInjongo kukuba abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo benze isibophelelo esicacileyo: ukubandakanya ulwimi lwezandla njengesifundo onokukhetha kuso kwizikolo nakwiikholeji ngendlela esebenzayo nebonakalayo.
Abo baxhasa eli phulo bagxininisa ukuba asikokunyanzelisa esi sifundo kubo bonke abafundi, kodwa malunga ukuqinisekisa ukuba olu khetho lukhona ngaphakathi kwezibonelelo zemfundoEmva koko, umfundi ngamnye unokugqiba ukuba uza kuyithatha okanye akayithathi, njengokuba kunjalo nakwezinye izifundo onokukhetha kuzo.
Eli phulo ligxininisa ukuba esi sigqibo akufuneki sixhomekeke kwintando entle yeziko elithile okanye kwiprojekthi entsha eyahlukileyo. Kwabo balwela amalungelo oluntu, Ucwangciso oludibeneyo phakathi koMphathiswa kunye noluntu oluzimeleyo luyimfuneko. okuqinisekisa ootitshala abaqeqeshiweyo, iishedyuli ezithile kunye nezixhobo, ukuze ulwimi lwezandla luyeke ukuba yinto engaqhelekanga kwaye lube yinxalenye ezinzileyo yekhathalogu yemfundo.
Uxinzelelo lwentlalo lukwafuna ukuphembelela amagunya emfundo yazisa ngokucacileyo iintsapho kunye nabafundi malunga nethuba lokufunda esi sifundo apho sele ikhona. Bayayigxeka into yokuba, kwezinye iimeko, loo mbandela uyafundiswa kodwa awuthethwa kangako, nto leyo enciphisa impembelelo enokubakho kuluntu lwezemfundo.
Inkqubo entsha esemthethweni yokuqinisekiswa koLwimi lweZandla lwaseSpain
Ngokuhambelana nezi mfuno zemfundo, urhulumente ophakathi usandula ukuvuma ISigqibo saseRoyal esidala inkqubo esemthethweni yokwamkelwa koLwimi lwezandla lwaseSpainEsi sikhokelo sitsha, esikhuthazwe liSebe leMicimbi yamaLungelo eNtlalo, iMicimbi yabathengi kunye ne-Ajenda ka-2030, simisela imodeli yesatifikethi esemgangathweni kulo lonke ilizwe.
Le nkqubo iya kusebenza ngendlela efanayo ne Iidiploma ze Español como Lengua Extranjera (DELE)enamanqanaba amathandathu obuchule bolwimi: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 kunye neC2. Nabani na — ongevayo, ongaboniyo okanye ovayo — angafaka isicelo sokufumana idiploma eqinisekisa ngokusesikweni ukuba uyakwazi ulwimi lwezandla lwaseSpain.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ibingekho. inkqubo karhulumente omnye esebenzayo kulo lonke elaseSpainnto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuqonda izakhono zolwimi lwezandla kwiinkqubo zokufikelela kwimisebenzi karhulumente okanye kwi uvavanyo lweempawu zobungcali kunye neziqinisekiso zemfundo. Ngenkqubo entsha, ezi ziqinisekiso ziya kuba nakho ukuthwala ubunzima obuthile kwiimviwo zokhuphiswano, ukhuphiswano olusekelwe kwiziqinisekiso, okanye kwiinkqubo zokukhetha.
Kwabo baxhasa ukuphunyezwa kwayo kwizikolo nakumaziko, eli nyathelo liqinisa ingcamango yokuba Ulwimi lwezandla lufanele luphathwe njengolunye ulwimi kwinkqubo yemfundoBayaqonda ukuba, ukuba sele ikho indlela esemthethweni yokuqinisekisa inqanaba lobuchule, kuyacaca nangakumbi ukuba ukufunda kunokuqala ukusuka kwizigaba zesikolo kuze kuqhubeke neendlela zoqeqesho eziphucukileyo.
Lonke olu tshintsho lwentlalo, iimfuno zekhosi yolwimi lwezandla eklasini Kwaye ukudalwa kwakutshanje kwenkqubo yokuqinisekiswa ngokusemthethweni kubonisa indlela efanayo: ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo uLwimi lweZandla lwaseSpain njengenxalenye yokwahluka kweelwimi kweli lizwe. Ukuba abasemagunyeni ekugqibeleni bayasabela kwezi mfuno, ukufunda ukunxibelelana ngezandla nomzimba kunokuyeka ukuba yinto engaqhelekanga kwaye kube yindlela yemihla ngemihla ezikolweni, kuncitshiswe imiqobo yonxibelelwano kwaye kuququzelelwe uluntu olubandakanya izigidi zabantu.
