Ixesha Ingqiqo Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi namhlanje kunyango lokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuphumla. Abanye bacinga ukuba bubuchule obuqhelekileyo, kodwa ngokwenene busekelwe kubulumko bamandulo bamaBuddha. Kwinqaku elilandelayo, siya kuzama ukunika inkcazo ecacileyo yalo, kunye nazo zonke iimpawu zayo kunye neendlela zengqondo eziye zavela kuyo. Kananjalo siza kunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nokusebenza kwayo ebantwaneni.
Ukuchaza ukuqonda kunzima kakhulu, kuba ayisiyondlela enenjongo ethile. Ukuyisebenzisa, abantu kufuneka baqonde ukuba abajonganga nto ithile; kunokuba, imalunga nokwamkela indlela entsha "yokucinga" esekwe kwi... ukuqwalaselwa ngengqondo kunye nendlela esinxulumana ngayo namava.
Abanye bacinga ukuba a Umgangatho wobuntu wendaloNangona abanye beye bagxininisa ekuphuhliseni ingcamango ebanzi, ngelixa abanye befuna ukuhlala besekelwe kubungqina obuvela kwizinto zokomoya nezenzululwazi, inyaniso ikukuba kuzo zonke ezi meko, kujongwa njengendlela yokuphila, kungekhona nje uluhlu lweenkqubo zokufikelela usukelo oluthile. Ke ngoko, ukuziqhelanisa nayo akwenzeki ngokufunda iincwadi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ngoku... amava ngqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa okuqhubekayo.
Yintoni ingqondo?
Ukuqala, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kwenziwe iinzame zokuyiguqulela "njengengqwalaselo epheleleyo", "ingqalelo emsulwa" okanye "ingqwalaselo yokuqonda", kodwa nakulwimi lwesiSpanish igama lesiNgesi elithi Mindfulness likhethwe ukubhekisa koku isihloko. Nangona kunjalo, imvelaphi yayo ayikho phaya, kodwa ivela njengokuguqulelwa kwelizwi sati, ngolwimi lwesiPali, elithetha ngokoqobo isazela o ndiyakhumbula, ngengqiqo yokukhumbula ukubuyela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ku umzuzu wangoku.
Ingqondo ichazwa njenge isigxina kunye nokuhlala kwengqondo ifikeleleke kumzuzu wangoku, kwaye obangela ukuba ukwazi ngokupheleleyo. Indlela ecetyiswa yile ndlela yokuphila ibandakanya ukuphepha ngazo zonke iindleko ucalucalulo, ukuleyibhile, ucazululo oluninzi kunye nokubeka ecaleni iingcamango eziqikelelweyo ukuze sibone ubunyani njengoko bunjalo, kunye nesimo sengqondo ukuvuleleka kunye nokwamkelwa.
Inokuqondwa kwakhona njenge isimbo sokumelana ekhuthaza amandla omntu kwaye incede umntu ukuba aqonde ngakumbi amava angoko nangoko kunye nesimo sengqondo esingenakugweba, sokufuna ukwazi, kunye nobubele. Ukuqiqa kunceda ukuzilawula ukuziphatha, kukhuthaza ukuzazi, kwaye kudala indawo engaphakathi efanelekileyo ukonwaba ngokwasengqondweni nasemzimbeni.
Kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba umgangatho ochazwe ngeli gama unabo bonke abantu, kodwa bambalwa abacinga ukuyiphuhlisa ngokucwangcisiweyo. Enyanisweni, amaxesha amaninzi abantu baxakeke ziingcamango zabo ngeengxaki, izinto abangazithandiyo, ukunganeliseki ngobomi babo, njalo njalo. Ingqondo ihlala isebenza ngaphakathi I-autopilotukutsiba phakathi kweenkumbulo zexesha elidlulileyo kunye nolindelo lwekamva.
Ngononophelo oluqinisekileyo sifuna ukuphuhlisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba: ingqalelo yonke into eyenzekayo ebomini bethuZombini ngaphakathi (iingcamango, iimvakalelo, iimvakalelo zomzimba) kunye nangaphandle (izandi, iphunga, imifanekiso), kodwa ngaphandle kokutshatyalaliswa okanye ukugqithisa; kuyafana naxa sibukele imuvi. Ngale ndlela, le ngxoxo rhoqo kwaye engenamveliso malunga nendlela yokusombulula imeko nganye evelayo iba a ukucamngca okusisigxina, ejoliswe ekwamkeleni izinto njengoko zinjalo nokufuna uxolo oluzinze ngakumbi.
Ukusuka kwimbono yengqondo yangoku, ukuNgqondo kubandakanyiwe ngaphakathi kokubizwa isizukulwana sesithathu zonyango okanye unyango ngokwemeko, kwaye idityaniswe kwiinkqubo ezicwangcisiweyo eziye zangqineka ziluncedo ekulawuleni iimvakalelo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, ukunciphisa ixhala, ukuphucula ubuthongo, ukwandisa ubuchule, kunye nokutyebisa ubomi babantu ngaphandle kwe-pathologies, abanqwenela nje ukuphila ngokupheleleyo.
Iinkqubo "zengqondo"
Ukuqonda iindlela ezisebenza ngazo la mava, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa ukuba kule nkalo, iingcinga zithathwa njengempembelelo enkulu kwintlalontle yethu. Okukhona sibanika amandla angakumbi, ngokusebenza kwengqondo ephazamisekileyo kunye nesizukulwana esingacaluliyo seengcinga, ubukhulu becala ezimbi, kokukhona siba nemvakalelo enkulu... ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo neemvakaleloYiyo loo nto kukho iimeko ezininzi zoxinzelelo, ixhala, kunye noxinzelelo olunxulumene noko. ukuhluma rhoqo.
Nangona ukuqonda kusebenze kule nkqubo, eyona nto kugxilwe kuyo ayikho utshintsho iingcinga ngqo, kodwa zinxulumana ngokuhlukileyo Ngokubeka ulwazi kwindawo yokuqala, iimvakalelo ezongameleyo ezenza uxinezeleko zibekelwa bucala. Oku kumisa unikezelo lwamandla oluzondlayo, lubangele ukuba lunciphe, kwaye emva koko lunyamalale, okanye lube nempembelelo encinci ekuziphatheni.
Ingqondo ayisebenzisi uhlalutyo lwento ebonwa njengesixhobo sayo esiphambili. Uhlalutyo lusetyenziselwa ukufunda iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezibonwa ngeemvakalelo. Oku kudala inkqubo engathintelekiyo yokuvelisa iingcinga ezinokuthi, endaweni yokukhokela impendulo, ziphele zibhideka kwaye zigqithise izakhono zomntu. Kodwa ngokusebenzisa ingqondo, injongo kuku... ukunciphisa umsebenzi wengqondo ongeyomfuneko, ukukhuthaza ukulawulwa komzimba kunye nokufezekisa imeko ezinzileyo kunye nengenakuguqulwa yokuzola, nangona iimeko zibonakala zimbi.
Kufanelekile ukugxininisa ukuba oku akuyonkqubo yokunyanzeliswa, kodwa ukuzinikela ngokuthe ngcembe kwingqalelo eqhubekayo, ebandakanya ukuyeka kunye nokuyeka konke ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okusibandezelayo. Oku kunokukhokelela abaninzi ukuba bacinge ukuba kubandakanya ukwamkela isimo sengqondo sokwenza, kodwa eneneni, sisebenza ngokupheleleyo, ekubeni ukuqwalaselwa kunye nokwamkelwa Kwenzeka kuwo wonke umzuzu wangoku. Yindlela yokuqeqesha ingqondo ukuba ikhethe apho igxininise khona ingqalelo yayo, indlela emayiphendule ngayo, hayi nje ukusabela.
Uphononongo lwezenzululwazi lubonise ukuba uqheliselo olucwangcisiweyo lwengqondo luvelisa utshintsho kwinqanaba lobuchopho. Ukuncipha kokusebenza kwakhona kwe amygdala (isakhiwo esibandakanyeka kuloyiko kunye neempendulo ze-alamu), a ukwanda koxinzelelo lwe-neuronal kwi hippocampus (isitshixo kwinkumbulo nokufunda) kunye nokusebenza ngakumbi kwe ikortex yangaphambili (enxulumene nokwenza izigqibo, ukuzithiba, kunye nokuguquguquka kwengqondo). Olu tshintsho luchaza ngokuyinxenye ukuba kutheni ukuba nengqiqo kuphucula ukulawulwa kweemvakalelo kunye nemisebenzi yesigqeba kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana.
Izibonelelo eziBanzi zokuNgqogqa kubomi bemihla ngemihla
Ngaphandle kwemixholo yeklinikhi, Ukuqiqa kuzenzele ngokwalo isixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu kubomi bemihla ngemihlaUkuyiqhelanisa rhoqo kunika izibonelelo ezininzi eziye zaxhaswa luphando:
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo: Ngokuqeqesha ingqalelo kwixesha langoku kunye nokujonga iingcamango ngaphandle kokubanjwa kuzo, ukuhluma kwengqondo kunciphisa kwaye impendulo yoxinzelelo iyaphucula.
- Ukuphucula ukugxila kunye nememori: Ukuziqhelanisa rhoqo kuqeqesha ukukwazi ukugxila kunye nokugcina ingqalelo, into ebalulekileyo ekufundeni, ekusebenzeni, okanye ekwenzeni izigqibo.
- Ukonyuka kokuguquguquka kwengqondo: Ngokuyeka ukusabela ngokuzenzekelayo, i-repertoire yeempendulo ezinokwenzeka zandiswa kwaye utshintsho lujongene nokulungelelaniswa okukhulu.
- Ubulunga obungcono bokulala: Ukulawula ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye nokufunda ukuyeka iingcinga eziphazamisayo kukunceda ukuba ulale kwaye uphumle ngcono.
- Ukomeleza ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu: Ukuphulaphula ngokukhutheleyo, uvelwano, kunye nonxibelelwano olunengqiqo luyanda xa ubani ekhona.
Ngamafutshane, Ukuqiqa zombini a uqeqesho ngobuchule obuthile kunye indlela yokuba kunye nokubakho ehlabathini, nto leyo ebonakala kwindlela esitya ngayo, esihamba ngayo, esisebenza ngayo, esithetha ngayo okanye esibafundisa ngayo abantwana bethu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwengqondo
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezisekelwe kwingqondo kunye nonyango ziye zaphuhliswa ukuze zisetyenziswe nabantu abadala, abantwana kunye nabafikisayo. Ezinye zezi zichazwe ngezantsi. uninzi lwezicelo ezifanelekileyo.
- UkuNcitshiswa koxinzelelo olusekwe engqondweni (REBAP):
Kwaziwa njenge MBSR (Ukunciphisa Ukunyanzeliswa KwengqondoEsi yayisesinye sezicelo zayo zokuqala. Yacetywa ngugqirha uJon Kabat-Zinn, owaphumelela kwiMassachusetts Institute of Technology eUnited States.
Umgaqo we-MBSR yi ukugcinwa kwengqondo Iziganeko ezikhoyo, umzuzu nomzuzu, ezikhuthaza isimo sengqondo sokwamkelwa kunye nokuphepha ukuphuhlisa izigqibo. Ngale ndlela, injongo kukuba umntu amkele imeko yokucamngca ngokusisigxina, kwaye anike ingqalelo kwiimvakalelo zomzimba, njengoko ezi ziya kuchaphazela imeko yeemvakalelo.
Iiprogram ze-MBSR ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka iiklasi zeqela leveki, ezihlala iiyure eziliqela, malunga neenyanga ezimbini. Phakathi kwemizuzu engamashumi amane anesihlanu kunye neyure yezi klasi, ubuchule buvezwa ukucamngca, ukuphucula unxibelelwano nabanye, kunye nokuhlakulela ukuqonda kwiimeko zemihla ngemihla. Umyalelo osesikweni wokuqaphela unikiwe, kunye neendlela zokuphuhlisa iintshukumo ezicothayo, ezinengqondo zomzimba, kunye nokuba yoga ingqondo.
- Ingqondo-esekwe kunyango lokuqonda:
Waziwa ngokuba ngu MBCT (Unyango olusekwe kwiNgqondokwaye sesinye sezona zicelo zamva nje zale ndlela. Isekelwe kwi-MBSR echazwe ngaphambili, malunga nokunyamekela okuqhubekayo; nangona kunjalo, ibandakanya izinto ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa kunyango lwengqondo. Oku kuquka ukufundisa umguli ngemeko yakhe, impembelelo yeengcamango ezingakhiyo neemvakalelo ezingancediyo kwimeko yazo, nakubomi baso bemihla ngemihla.
Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubandakanya izinto zonyango lwengqondo, kwahluka kakhulu kuyo. Umsebenzi wonyango lokuqonda ufuna utshintshe indlela acinga ngayo umgulingokususa iingcinga ezingakhiyo ngezakhayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-MBCT ijolise ekuphuhliseni isimo sengqondo sokwamkelwa. Isigulana, ngoku siqonda umphumo wengqondo engafanelekanga, siya kuqwalasela inyaniso kwaye siyamkele njengoko injalo, ngaphandle kokudibanisa nayo okanye ukwenza izigwebo, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa amandla eengcamango eziyingozi.
Ngokungafani ne-MBSR, olu unyango lwenzelwe ngokukodwa ukunciphisa iziganeko kunye nokuphindaphinda kokudakumba. Uphononongo oluninzi luqinisekisile ukuba olu nyango lunciphise kakhulu ukuphinda ubuyele kwizigulana eziye zafumana iziqendu zokudakumba, ngakumbi ezo ziye zabandezeleka kwiziqendu ezininzi zangaphambili.
Ukongeza kwi-MBSR kunye ne-MBCT, ezinye iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwingqondo ziye zaphuhliswa ukunyangwa kweengxaki zokuxhalaba, intlungu engapheliyo, umlutha, ukuphazamiseka kokutya, kunye nokuhambelana nezinye iindlela zonyango. Iiprothokholi ezilungelelanisiweyo zikwasetyenziswa kwizicwangciso zemfundo neentsapho. abantwana, abafikisayo kunye nabazali, esiza kuthetha ngayo kamva.
Ingqondo yabantwana
Nje ukuba intsingiselo yayo, ukusebenza, kunye neendlela eziphuhliswe kuyo ziqondwe, umntu unokukholelwa ukuba ubukho bayo bukhawulelwe ekupheliseni uxinzelelo kunye nokunciphisa izehlo zokudakumba kubantu abadala. Kodwa enyanisweni, Ingqondo ingasetyenziswa ukususela ebuntwaneni.nto leyo enokuthintela ukuba kungenzeki iimeko eziya kumenza ukuba ayifune xa sele emdala.
Abantwana, enyanisweni, bakho ngeendlela ezininzi uthotho lwengqondoUmthamo wabo wendalo wokumangalisa, wokudlala ngokugxila ngokupheleleyo, kunye nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwelinye imvakalelo ukuya kwelinye ngaphandle kokubambelela, kubonisa ukuba ingqondo sele ingaphakathi kubo. Nangona kunjalo, isantya sobomi bale mihla, ukuvuselela, kunye nokungabikho kwexesha lokudlala ngokukhululekileyo kunokusenza buthathaka esi sikhundla ukuba asikhuliswa.
Ukufundisa ukuqaphela abantwana akubavumeli kuphela ukuba bagxininise ngcono kwaye balawule iimvakalelo zabo, kodwa kwakhona kubethelela imikhwa esempilweni kwasebuncinaneni enokuthi ibasebenzele. Ikhaka elikhuselayo kuxinzelelo kwaye njengesiseko sempilo yengqondo yekamva elungileyo. Ukuziphatha kwengqondo kubonise inzuzo ekusebenzeni kwabo kwezemfundo, ukuziphatha, kunye nokunyamezela kwiimeko ezinzima.
Ngabaphi abantwana abanokusetyenziswa kwengqondo okanye "ukucamngca"?
Ngokubanzi, ukuzivocavoca kwengqondo kuyacetyiswa kubantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka yobudala Iminyaka ye-5 kunye ne-12 ubudala, nangona zinokutshintshwa ngokudlalayo kwiminyaka eselula kancinane. Kolu luhlu, iimeko ezahlukeneyo apho isicelo sabo sicetyisiwe siya kuphawulwa:
- Abo bafuna ukuphucula impilo yabo iindlela zokufunda kunye nokusebenza kwezemfundo.
- Abo bantwana bafuna ukufunda ukulawula iimvakalelo zabo kunye neempendulo ezingxamisekileyo.
- Abo baneengxaki zokwamkela ngokwabo, kunye nomzimba wabo, okhokelela ekubeni bazenzele.
- Abo bantwana babonakalisa isimilo sokuzingca, okanye abanotyekelo lokuhlasela oontanga babo.
Ngokukwanjalo, banconyelwa ngokubanzi ukuba abantwana abaneengxaki ze-hyperactivity, i-dyslexia kunye nokuphazamiseka okwahlukileyo ezinxulumene noluphazamiseko. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba i-Mindfulness ayilona unyango olukhethekileyo lokulungiswa kwezi meko; kunokuba, yenza isixhobo sokuba ukuvuselela nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwabo kokubini kwiinkalo zemfundo kunye neemvakalelo, ukuncedisa umsebenzi wezinye iingcali.
Uphando kunye nabantwana lubonisa ukuba iinkqubo zokuqeqesha ingqondo emfutshane zinokuphucula kakhulu ingqalelo eqhubekayo, ukunciphisa ukuziphatha okungxamisekileyo, kwaye zibancede balawule ngcono uxinzelelo lwesikolo. Ukwanda [kwezi ndawo zilandelayo] kuye kwaphawulwa. amandla okuzilawula ngokweemvakalelo, into ebalulekileyo ukuthintela iingxaki zokuziphatha kunye nobunzima bobudlelwane.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ukuba ixesha lokuzivocavoca kwengqondo kubantwana liya kuba lifutshane kakhulu kunabantu abadala. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, abantu abadala bafuna ukuziqhelanisa nemihla ngemihla, kwiiyure ezi-2 okanye ezi-3 kwiinkqubo ezinzulu. Nangona kunjalo, kubantwana, imizuzu embalwa iya kukwanela. Imizuzu eli-15 okanye engama-30 kabini okanye kathathu ngevekiokanye ixesha elincinane ukuba basebatsha. Ngaphaya koko, ixesha liya kuxhomekeka kwiminyaka yobudala; oyena mdala umntwana, kokukhona uchitha imizuzu engaphezu kwe-15 ecamngca. Kwiminyaka emincinci, kungcono ukusebenza kunye imithambo emifutshane kwaye enamava kakhulu.
Iindlela zokucinga zabantwana
Ukusetyenziswa kwe Ingqondo ebantwaneni Iquka ubukhulu becala uthotho lwe izikweko kunye nemidlalo Okuza kubavumela ukuba baqonde amandla kwaye bazintywilisele ngokupheleleyo ekucamngceni ngaphandle kokuyibona njengento eqinileyo okanye ekruqulayo.
Kukho iincwadi ezininzi ezikhethekileyo kwesi sihloko, esinokukhankanya kuzo “Zolile kwaye unikele ingqalelo njengesele”Eli candelo lichaza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwazisa abantwana, abazali kunye nootitshala ekucingeni. Ikwaqaqambisa iindlela ezivela kubabhali ezibandakanya imidlalo, amabali, kunye nemithambo yokuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, uthotho lweengcebiso ngokubanzi lulandelayo, lunika isishwankathelo sobume bemethodi.
- khetha a indawo enoxolo ukuziqhelanisa nokuqaphela, ngaphandle kwezivuseleli ezininzi eziphazamisayo.
- Cebisa ukuba abantwana bazibeke ngokwasengqondweni a indawo abayigqala ikhuselekile, benoxolo, apho baziva bekhululeke ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuthatha ikhefu ngamaxesha athile, okubandakanya ukuma ngokwasengqondweni nasemzimbeni ukucamngca, ukulibala yonke into kwaye uphumle, ukunxibelelana ukuphefumla kunye neemvakalelo zomzimba.
- Bandakanya imithambo elula yokuphefumla ngokufanelekileyo, ukuze bafunde ukuqaphela indlela umoya ongena ngayo kunye nokushiya.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezafobe ukucacisa ebantwaneni imeko yenguqu. Oku kubandakanya:
- Funda ukuntywila emanzini: Amaza aya kubonisa iimeko ezahlukeneyo zobomi, ezingenakuguqulwa okanye zilawulwe, kodwa ngubani onokufunda ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuwa. Oku kubafundisa ukuba ayizizo iimvakalelo zabo ezilawulayo, kodwa kunokuba bangakwazi... funda ukubamba.
- Khawufane ucinge ukuba ulisele: Iquka nje ukuhlala uthe cwaka, ujonge yonke into. Isele limele ukukwazi ukwenza ukuzola ngenyameko esinayo sonke.
- Ingxelo yemozulu: Abantwana bayamenywa ukuba bacinge ukuba yeyiphi imozulu efana nemeko ngaphakathi kwikhaya labo (imvula, ilanga, isaqhwithi, amafu) kwaye bayithelekise nemozulu ngaphandle. Oku kubanceda bafunde uku... ukukhankanya into abavakalelwa ngayo ngaphandle kokuzibandakanya ngokupheleleyo nayo.
Imizekelo esebenzayo yokuzivocavoca kwengqondo kubantwana
Oku kulandelayo kuchaza ezinye imisebenzi ethile Ukuzivocavoca kwengqondo abantwana abanokuthi baziqhelanise, bedibanisa iingcamango ezivela kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zemfundo kunye nezonyango. Ezi ndlela zilula kwaye zinokutshintshwa ukuze zisetyenziswe ekhaya nasesikolweni.
1. Ukuphefumla kweenyosi
Into ebizwa ngokuba "yinyosi yokuphefumla", iphefumlelwe ngumsebenzi we-yoga UBhramari PranayamaNgumsebenzi olula kodwa olusebenzayo kakhulu ukugxila ekuphefumleni kwaye ukhulule ingqondo kukuphazamiseka, ukudakumba, kunye nomsindo.
Iquka ukucela umntwana ukuba avale iindlebe zakhe ngeminwe yakhe, avale amehlo, kwaye, xa ekhupha, akhuphe isandi esindayo kunye nomlomo ovaliweyo, njengokungathi ubiza unobumba "m," de aphelelwe ngumoya. Isandi sifana neso senyosi, esisenzayo kumnandi kwaye kulula ukukhumbula.
Lo msebenzi ukufundisa ukolula ukuphefumla kwakho, okwenza inkqubo ye-nervous parasympathetic isebenze kwaye ivelise imvakalelo yokuzola. Kunconywa ukuba uqale ngokuphindaphinda okumbalwa kwaye ukwandise ngokuthe ngcembe, rhoqo ukulungelelanisa umthambo kwiminyaka yomntwana.
2. Nika ingqalelo kwintsimbi okanye isitya
Lo ngumsebenzi weklasikhi wokuqeqesha ukuphulaphula ngenyamekoKudlalwa intsimbi, isitya sokucula saseTibet, okanye isandi esivumelanayo kwiapp, yaye abantwana bacelwa ukuba baphulaphule ngenyameko de bangakwazi ukukuva.
Bayakwazi ukuphakamisa isandla xa beyeka ukuva isandi. Emva koko, bayamenywa ukuba bathi cwaka umzuzu omnye baze banikele ingqalelo kwezinye izandi ezikwiindawo abahlala kuzo: amazwi akude, ingxolo yasesitratweni, umoya, njalo njalo. gxila apha kwaye ngokuuqeqesho lokugxila ngendlela eyonwabisayo.
3. Ubugcisa bokudlala
Ukwenza lo msebenzi, abantwana kufuneka bahlanganiswe. Omnye wabo unikwa into (intsiba, ithoyizi, ilitye, ibhola, njl. njl.) kwaye bacelwe ukuba bavale amehlo abo. Umntwana onomxholo uchaza iqabane lakhe ngokubanzi: ukuthungwa, ubushushu, ubunzima, imilo.
Emva komzuzu okanye emibini, inkqubo efanayo iyaphindwa, kodwa ngeli xesha omnye umfundi uchaza into. Nangona ulula lo msebenzi, ufanelekile ukubafundisa ukuba banako jolisa ingqalelo yakho kwicala elinye kwaye uphile amava ahlukeneyo ngokulula ngokutshintsha ujoliso.
4. Ukuhamba ngengqondo
Abantwana badla ngokukunandipha ukuhamba kakuhle, ingakumbi xa kusenzeka kwindalo. Banokukhuthazwa ukuba bakhangele izinto abangazange baziphawule ngaphambili, ngokungathi badlala umdlalo “wokubona umahluko” phakathi kwezinto abazibonayo namhlanje nezo bazikhumbulayo kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Ungaphinda uchithe umzuzu uhamba uthule, ugxile kuphela kwi izandi (iintaka, amagqabi, iimoto ezikude) okanye kwi IvumbaLo msebenzi womeleza unxibelelwano nomzimba kunye nokusingqongileyo, kwaye ubafundisa ukuba banokuzonwabisa ngakumbi xa bekhona ngokupheleleyo.
5. Ukuphefumla iqabane
Kubantwana abancinci, kunokuba nzima ukuqonda imiyalelo engabonakaliyo efana "nokugxila ekuphefumleni kwakho." Eyona ndlela ibonakalayo yokwenza oku kukubacela ukuba balale ngomqolo baze babeke eso silwanyana basithanda kakhulu esiswini sabo.
Bamenywa ukuba bajonge indlela isilwanyana esixutyiweyo esinyuka ngayo kwaye siwe ngokuphefumla kunye nokukhupha umoya ngamnye, ngokungathi bayasishukumisa. Ngaloo ndlela, bathatha ukuqonda ukuhamba kwesisu sakho kunye nendlela ezinokucothisa ngayo iintshukumo zayo ngokuphefumla ngokucothayo nangokunzulu. Kwangaxeshanye, oku kuvula uvelwano lwayo kwisilwanyana esixutyiweyo kwaye kudala umoya ozolileyo.
Izibonelelo zengqondo yabantwana
Ukufundisa abantwana ukucamngca ngokubona kunentaphane yezibonelelo, kubandakanya:
- Esona sibonelelo siphambili yile ukuphucula uxinzeleloOku kuya kuba yingenelo kakhulu kubo ebudeni beeyure zokufunda naxa begqiba umsebenzi wabo wesikolo. Iziphazamiso ziyancipha, ulwazi lufumaneka ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo, kwaye ixesha lisetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ibavumela ukuba bafunde kwasebancinane ukuya jonga indawo okungqongileyo ngenyamekookuya kuthanda uphuhliso lwabo kulo njengoko bekhula.
- Ingqondo imele abantwana, njengabantu abadala, indlela ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa uxinzelelo okubangelwa yimisebenzi yesikolo yemihla ngemihla, iimvavanyo, kunye nobudlelwane nabafundi ofunda nabo.
- Ukuzilolonga ngengqondo rhoqo kuyaphucuka amandla ememori kunye nombutho wolwazi.
- Ukucamngca rhoqo ngokuqwalasela kunye nokwamkelwa kuyavuselela ngqondweni ebantwaneni. Oku kuyabanceda ekwenzeni izigqibo nakwindlela abanxulumana ngayo nosapho lwabo, abahlobo kunye namaqabane abo.
- Ukuziqhelanisa nengqiqo kwandisa yakho amandla okomelelaOko kukuthi, ukubuyisela emva kokufumana iimeko ezinzima okanye iimvakalelo ezinzulu, ngaphandle kokubanjiswa kuzo.
- Bafunda ukuchonga, ukubiza, nokwamkela iimvakalelo zabo, endaweni yokukhanyela okanye ukugatya, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ngabo ukuchaza indlela abaziva ngayo kwaye bacele uncedo xa belufuna.
Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba abantwana abasebenzisa ingqondo bahlala bebonisa ulawulo olungcono lokuxhalaba, ubundlobongela obuncinci, intsebenziswano enkulu eklasini, kunye nesimo sengqondo esivulekileyo ngokufunda. Kwinqanaba losapho, olu qheliselo ekwabelwana ngalo lunokuba... amaxesha onxibelelwano kunye nokuzola zixabiseke kakhulu phakathi kwabazali nabantwana.
Ingqondo kubantu abadala
Abantu abadala banokuziqhelanisa nokuqaphela kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla phantse naphi na. Naliphi na ixesha lixesha elilungileyo lokugxila kulo mzuzu wangoku, ukwamkela ingqondo yokungagwebi, kwaye baziphathe ngovelwano ngakumbi. Ayifuni kurhoxa ixesha elide kwikhaya loonongendi okanye utshintsho olumandla kwindlela yokuphila; imalunga nokwazisa izithuba ezincinci zengqondo kwiinkqubo zemihla ngemihla.
Uqeqesho lwengqondo lujolise kuyo ukomeleza amandla ethu okuphila ngoku kwaye yalathise ingqalelo yethu naphi na apho sikhetha khona. Enkosi koku, sinikezela ixesha elithile lokusombulula iingxaki zethu, kodwa hayi ngalo lonke ixesha, kwaye sinokugcina izithuba ukuchacha, ukuzikhathalela, kunye nolonwabo neyethu.
Ukuziqhelanisa nokubamba ingqondo kubantu abadala kunokwenziwa ngokucamngca okusesikweni (ukuhlala, ukungqengqa, okanye ukuhamba) kunye nangomthambo ongekho sikweni odityaniswe kwimisebenzi elula efana nokutya, ukuhlamba, ukuqhuba, okanye ukuthetha nomntu. Eminye imisebenzi eyenziwayo ichazwe apha ngezantsi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweemvakalelo ezintlanu
Lo msebenzi ulula kwaye unokusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza phantse kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Ekuphela kwento efunekayo kukwazi iimvakalelo zethu kunye namava ngamnye ngokwahlukeneyo. Isinceda ukuba “sibuyele emizimbeni yethu” xa iingqondo zethu zibaleka.
- Bukela izinto ezintlanu onokuzibonaJonga ngapha nangapha uze ukhethe into obungayi kuyibona ngokuqhelekileyo, njengesithunzi, imbonakalo, okanye uhlobo oluthile.
- umntu onegunya lokungqinela amaxwebhu nengxelo efungelweyo izinto ezine ezinokuviwa ngokuchukumisa: ukuthungwa kwempahla, ubushushu bomoya esikhumbeni, ukudibana kweenyawo nomhlaba, ubunzima bomzimba esitulweni.
- Mamela izandi ezintathu: intaka, ingxolo yombane, amazwi akude, izithuthi.
- Ukuchonga amavumba amabininokuba zinobuqhophololo: ivumba lendlu, lokudla, lelesitrato.
- naka u incasa emlonyeni, nokuba awutyi nto, okanye uthe chu ukusezela amanzi okanye ukutofa.
Injongo yalo msebenzi ayikokwenza ukucamngca ixesha elide, kodwa buyela kungoku ngemeko yokuphucula ingqondo, ukunciphisa ingxolo yengqondo.
Ukuphulaphula ngokukuko kunye nolwimi olungathethwayo
Umthambo olula ubandakanya ukubhanqa. Omnye umntu unemizuzu embalwa yokwabelana ngamava okanye ukuvakalisa uluvo lwakhe, ngoxa omnye ephulaphula ngenyameko, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa, enikela icebiso, okanye elungiselela impendulo. Kugxilwe ekujongeni amehlo, inkangeleko yobuso, ukuthula, kunye nezimbo zomzimba. Xa begqibile, batshintsha iindima.
Lo mkhuba unceda ukuphucula umgangatho wobudlelwane, ukuphuhlisa uvelwano, kunye nokunciphisa ukungaqondani kuba siqeqesha ukukwazi ukubakho ngokwenene xa umntu ethetha nathi.
Ukutya Ngokucokisekileyo
Ngendlela yokuphila ekhawulezayo yanamhlanje, kuqhelekile ukutya ngokukhawuleza, ukuphazanyiswa zizikrini okanye amaxhala. Ukutya okunenkathalo kuphakamisa ukusebenzisa amaxesha okutya njengamathuba okuziqhelanisa nokuqaphela.
Ukwenza oku, unokukhetha ukutya okulula (isiqwenga sesithelo, isiqwenga se-toast, iqhekeza letshokolethi) kwaye uchithe imizuzu embalwa uyiphonononge ngazo zonke iimvakalelo zakho. Okokuqala, jonga yayo imbonakalo (imibala, imilo, ikhazimula), emva koko ivumba ngononophelo ivumba layo kwaye, ekugqibeleni, uyibeke ngokukhawuleza emlonyeni wakho, uqaphele ukuthungwa, ubushushu, incasa kunye nendlela eguqula ngayo xa uhlafuna.
Ukutya ngale ndlela akuncedi nje ukuba ukonwabele ngakumbi, kodwa kuphucula impilo yakho. ubudlelwane nokutyaIkhuthaza imvakalelo yokuhlutha kwaye inokunceda ekunciphiseni indlela yokutya okwenziwa ngayo.
Gxininisa kumbindi womfanekiso okanye kugxininiso olubonakalayo
Omnye umthambo olula ubandakanya ukujolisa ukujonga kwakho kwindawo ethile emfanekisweni, into, okanye idangatye lekhandlela, ngelixa yonke into ekujikelezileyo iyatshintsha okanye ishukuma. Injongo kukuqeqesha isakhono sakho sokwenza gcina ingqalelo kwindawo enye, eqaphela iingcinga ezivelayo ngaphandle kokukhutshelwa kude nazo.
Olu hlobo lokuzilolonga luluncedo kakhulu kubantu abathanda ukuxhalaba, njengoko lubavumela ukuba babone ukuba kunokwenzeka njani ukujonga iingcamango ngaphandle kokuchonga nabo, ukuphuhlisa uzinzo olukhulu lwangaphakathi.
Ukuqiqa kusapho: ukudibanisa inkqubo kwimfundo
Xa uxoxa ngengqondo yabantwana, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela indima yabantu abadala abahamba nabo. Abantwana bafunda kuqala... ukuxelisaKe ngoko, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuba babandakanye ingqondo kukuziqhelanisa nayo.
Ingqondo efunxayo yomntwana iyakwazi ukudibanisa ngokukhawuleza iindlela zokucinga kunye nezimo zengqondo. Ukuba abantu abadala ababangqongileyo bazama ukubakho ngakumbi, bazilawule ngcono iimvakalelo zabo, kwaye banxibelelane ngononophelo, abantwana baya kuwufaka ngaphakathi lo mzekelo phantse bengazi. Kuyinto encinci ukucela ukuzola kunye nengqalelo ukuba abantu abadala bahlala bengxamile kwaye bephazamiseka.
Iingcebiso zokuziqhelanisa nengqiqo nabantwana
Xa uzisa ingqondo ekhaya okanye kwigumbi lokufundela, kuyanceda ukugcina engqondweni imigaqo esisiseko:
- Khokela ngomzekelo: Ukuba abantwana babona abantu abadala becamngca, benqumama kangangemizuzu embalwa ukuze baphefumle, okanye baphulaphule ngaphandle kokungxama, baya kuqonda ukuba yinto exabisekileyo leyo.
- Yenze ibelula kwaye ibe mnandi: Akuyomfuneko ukuba bazi amagama obugcisa; kwanele ukuthetha "ngokuqaphela" okwenzekayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle, sebenzisa izikweko, kwaye uphakamise njengomdlalo.
- Ungaguquguquki kodwa ube bhetyebhetye: Imizuzu nje embalwa ngosuku inokwanela ukuba unamathela kuyo. Kukwabalulekile ukuba uzihloniphe iintsuku xa ungathandi kwaye ungazinyanzeli.
- Bonisa imisebenzi njengomdlalo: Ukusebenzisa amabali, abalinganiswa, amandla amakhulu okuthathela ingqalelo, ukujoja okanye ukumamela kunokukhuthaza ngakumbi kunengcaciso yethiyori.
- Ziqhelanise nokwamkelwa: Kuya kubakho iintsuku apho abantwana baya kuphazamiseka okanye baphazamiseke. Kunokuba ube nomsindo, kubhetele ukubanceda baqonde indlela abavakalelwa ngayo baze badlulele phambili.
Ngale ndlela, ukuNgqondo kuyeka ukuba bubuchule obubodwa kwaye bube bu indlela yokuhlala kunye ububele kunye nokuqonda ngakumbi, apho yonke intsapho ifunda ukuzilawula ngcono, ukumamelana kunye nokuzinyamekela.
Ukuqiqa, okwakwaziwa njengengqalelo epheleleyo okanye ukhathalelo lokujonga yindlela yokuphila Ngokusekelwe kusukelo loxolo ngokwamkelwa, le ndlela yaqala eMpuma kodwa ngoku iye yanwenwela kumazwe aseNtshona, apho iye yamkelwa ngokubanzi. Ukuyiqonda kubalulekile, njengoko imele isixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu ukuphucula indlela yokuphila yabantuOku kunenzuzo kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Ukuziqhelanisa rhoqo, ukudibanisa umthambo olula kwizinto zemihla ngemihla kwaye njengosapho, kungenza umahluko omkhulu kwindlela esinxulumana ngayo neemvakalelo zethu, kwabanye, kunye nenyani esingqongileyo.
