USalvador Dalí: Amabinzana kunye nezinto ezinomdla ezivela kwinkosi ye-surrealism

Ngomhla onje namhlanje uSalvador Dalí wazalwa, ingcaphephe egqithise imida yobugcisa ukuze ibe ngumfanekiso wokuzifihla kunye ne-surrealism. Lo mzobi weCatalan uguquguqukayo, umkroli, umbhali kunye nomyili ushiye uphawu ayicimekiyo kwinkcubeko yenkulungwane yama-20. Ubomi bakhe babuphawulwa kungekuphela nje ngetalente yakhe yobugcisa obungenakuphikiswa, kodwa nangomlinganiswa Yinkcitho kunye ne-narcissism eyaphembelela imbonakalo yakhe yoluntu kunye nomsebenzi wakhe.

Ubomi bakhe: Umxube wetalente kunye ne-eccentricity

USalvador Dalí wazalwa ngoMeyi 11, 1904 eFigueres, eCatalonia. Ekubeni wayesemncinane, intsapho yakowabo yabethelela kuye ingcamango yokuba ukuzalwa ngokutsha komkhuluwa wakhe, uSalvador, owafa kwiinyanga ezisithoba ngaphambi kokuba azalwe. Le nyaniso yaphawula ngokunzulu indlela azibona ngayo kunye nobugcisa bakhe, kangangokuba wathi: "Umkhuluwa wam wayengowokuqala uSalvador Dalí, kodwa mna ndingoyena uqinisekileyo."

Utyekelo lwakhe kubugcisa lwabonakala esemncinane kakhulu. Xa wayeneminyaka emithandathu, wapeyinta umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala, "Landscape near Figueres", umzekelo wetalente yakhe yokuzalwa esele igxininise ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha. UDalí wafunda kwi-Academy of Fine Arts eMadrid, apho wachukumisa abafundi afunda nabo ngobuchule bakhe bobugcisa kunye nesitayela sakhe somntu siqu esibandakanya ukunxiba njenge "dandy" yenkulungwane ye-19. Nangona kunjalo, ukugxeka kwakhe imithetho emiselweyo nokuba krwada kwakhe kwizifundiswa kwakhokelela ekubeni agxothwe kwelo ziko izihlandlo ezibini.

Ubomi bakhe buphawulwe ngoluhlu lobudlelwane obunzima, bobabini kunye nobugcisa. Wagcina ubuhlobo obusondeleyo kunye noFederico García Lorca, nangona ubume kunye nokuqina kobu budlelwane bubangele iingxoxo ezininzi kunye neengcamango.

Iinyani ezinomdla malunga noSalvador Dalí

Ubomi bukaDalí babungumbono oqhubekayo, kokubini nangaphandle kweseyile. Ngezantsi, siqulunqa ezinye zezona curiosities iyavela yale genius ye-surreal:

1. Ukuzalwa ngokutsha komntakwabo: Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, u-Dalí wakhula ekholelwa ukuba ukuzalwa kwakhona komntakwabo owafayo, ingcamango eqiniswe ngabazali bakhe. Oku kuphembelele imisebenzi efana ne "Umfanekiso woMzalwana wam Ofileyo."
2. Umzobo "uHitler wokuphulula amaphambili": Lo mzobo uxhokonxayo ubonakalisa eyakhe ubudlelwane obungathandekiyo kunye nenkokeli yamaNazi. Nangona engazange abonakalise ukuma okucacileyo kwezobupolitika, lo msebenzi wabangela impikiswano phakathi kwabantu bexesha lakhe.
3. Uyilo lwelogo yeChupa Chups: Ngo-1969, u-Dalí wayila i-logo ye-iconic ye-brand ye-candy. Ucebise ukuyibeka phezulu kwipakethe ukuqinisekisa ukubonakala kwayo, iinkcukacha zentengiso ezisasebenza.
4. Isilwanyana sasekhaya: Ukuthanda kwakhe i-eccentric kubandakanya ukuhamba i-anteater yakhe kwizitrato zaseParis, ebangela ukumangala kunye nokuncoma.
5. Ubudlelwane bakhe noGala: UGala, inkosikazi yakhe kunye nemyuziyam, wayengumntu obalulekileyo ebomini bakhe. Ngaphandle kokuphefumlelwa kwakhe, wayekwazi ukulawula iimali zakhe kwaye wanyusa ngobuchule umsebenzi wakhe. UGala wayesaziwa ngokuzimela kunye nokuthandana ngaphandle komtshato.
6. Ukusebenzisana noWalt Disney: Ngeminyaka yoo-40, uDalí kunye noDisney basebenza kunye kwisifutshane esinesihloko esithi "Destino," esagqitywa ngo-2003, kumashumi eminyaka emva kokusweleka kwabo bobabini.
7. Ukukhupha iidemon: Ngokwamabali, i-friar yase-Italiya egama linguGabriele María Berardi yenza i-exorcism ku-Dalí ngo-1947, isiganeko esenziwa ngumculi ngokunika i-friar umzobo njengombulelo.

Awona mabinzana akhumbulekayo kaSalvador Dalí

UDalí wayengeyena nje umpetha webrashi, kodwa namazwi. Yakhe ulwimi Yayivuselela kwaye i-surreal njengemisebenzi yakhe. Apha siqulunqa amanye amabinzana akhe adumileyo:

1. “Xa ndandineminyaka emithandathu ndandifuna ukuba ngumpheki. Ngentsimbi yesixhenxe wayefuna ukuba nguNapoleon. Umnqweno wam ukhulile kuphela; Ngoku ndifuna ukuba nguSalvador Dalí kwaye akukho nto.
2. "Lowo ufuna ukuba nomdla kwabanye kufuneka abacaphukise."
3. "Umahluko phakathi kwam nomntu ophambeneyo kukuba andiphambani."
4. "Into ebalulekileyo kukuba bathethe ngawe, nokuba kulungile."
5. "Ubulumko ngaphandle kwamabhongo yintaka engenamaphiko."

Ezi ngcaphuno zinika ifestile kwingqondo yomntu obomi bakhe babungumsebenzi wobugcisa ngokwawo. Ukukhangela kwiingcinga ezikhuthazayo ngakumbi, unokujonga ezinye amabinzana alumkileyo ezikumema ukuba ucamngce.

I-surrealism nangaphezulu

UDalí wayengumntu ophambili kwintshukumo ye-surrealist, nangona ubudlelwane bakhe kunye neqela elikhokelwa ngu-André Breton laliphikisana. U-Breton wamtyhola ngokuthengisa ubugcisa bakhe, embiza ngokuthi "Avida Dollars", i-anagram eyayigxininisa ukubawa kwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, uDalí wazithethelela ngokuzingca ngokuthi: "Ndiyi-surrealism!"

Ngaphandle kweminikelo yakhe yemifanekiso, uDalí wangena kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kumfanekiso weencwadi ezinje ngo "Alice kwi-Wonderland" ukuya kwintsebenziswano nefashoni kunye neempawu zoyilo lwegraphic, impembelelo yakhe ayinakuphikiswa. Isimbo sakhe esahlukileyo sinokubonwa kwezinye iimbonakaliso zobugcisa eziphefumlelwe yi-lyrical abstraction.

Impembelelo ka-Dalí idlula imida yemveli yobugcisa. Ukuphonononga kwakhe ifilimu, ifashoni, uncwadi kunye noyilo lwaqinisa ilifa lakhe njengomqambi oyinyaniso kunye nombono.

USalvador Dalí akazange apeyinte amaphupha kuphela; Naye wayephila ngathi uyaphupha. Ukuzinikela kwakhe kubugcisa, ukuba sesikweni kwakhe, kunye nokukwazi kwakhe ukucaphukisa kunye nokucela umngeni kwizithethe zimenza abe ngumntu ongenakuthelekiswa nanto kwimbali yobugcisa. Namhlanje, umsebenzi wakhe kunye nelifa lakhe liyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza izizukulwana ezitsha ukuba zamkele ubuchule akukho zithintelo.